Chipinda Chozizira Chozizira Mwachangu: Ukadaulo Wosungira Chakudya Mwachangu Komanso Mogwira Mtima

Kukonza chakudya kwamakono kumafuna liwiro, kutsitsimuka, komanso kuzizira mwachanguchipinda choziziraZimakwaniritsa zosowa izi kudzera mu makina apamwamba oziziritsira. Zimaziziritsa zinthu mwachangu kuti zisunge kukoma, kapangidwe, ndi zakudya.

Mosiyana ndi zipinda zozizira zachizolowezi, zomwe zimasunga zinthu pa kutentha kochepa kokha, zipinda zozizira zozizira mwachangu zimamaliza njira yoziziritsira mumphindi zochepa. Ukadaulo uwu umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale a nyama, nsomba, zipatso, ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

Kusiyana Pakati pa Zipinda Zozizira Zozizira Mwamsanga ndi Zozizira Zachizolowezi

Chipinda chozizira nthawi zonse chimayang'ana kwambiri kusungira m'malo mozizira. Kutentha kwake nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa -5°C mpaka -18°C. Zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake zimakhalabe zokhazikika koma sizizizira mwachangu. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, chipinda chozizira chomwe chimazizira mwachangu chimagwira ntchito pa -30°C mpaka -45°C kapena kutsika. Chimachotsa kutentha mwachangu pakati pa chinthucho pakapita nthawi yochepa.

Liwiro limasonyeza kusiyana kwakukulu. Zipinda zozizira nthawi zonse zingatenge maola angapo kuti zizizirane chakudya, pomwe zipinda zozizira nthawi yomweyo zimatha pasanathe maola awiri. Kuzizira mwachangu kumalepheretsa kupangika kwa makristalo akuluakulu a ayezi. Makristalo ang'onoang'ono amateteza kapangidwe ka maselo, kusunga kukoma koyambirira ndi michere bwino akasungunuka.

Kapangidwe ka mpweya wozizira mofulumira kamakhalanso kosiyana. Zipinda zozizira mwachangu zimagwiritsa ntchito mafani amphamvu a axial kapena centrifugal. Mafani awa amayendetsa mpweya mwachangu, nthawi zambiri kuposa 4 m/s. Zipinda zozizira wamba zimadalira mpweya wofatsa wochepera 1 m/s, woyenera kokha kusamalira kutentha.

Makina oziziritsira amawonetsanso kusiyana koonekeratu. Zipinda zozizira mofulumira zimagwiritsa ntchito ma compressor amphamvu kwambiri, ma plate freezer, kapena ma spiral system. Amasunga kutentha kotsika ngakhale kuti katundu wambiri wasintha. Zipinda zozizira wamba zimagwiritsa ntchito ma compressor ang'onoang'ono omwe amapangidwira kuti asungidwe bwino komanso kwa nthawi yayitali.

Zipangizo zotetezera kutentha m'zipinda zozizira mofulumira komanso zozizira zimagwira ntchito bwino. Makoma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zigawo zokhuthala za polyurethane, pafupifupi 150–200 mm, ngakhale 250 mm. Zipinda zozizira wamba zingagwiritse ntchito mapanelo a 100 mm. Kuteteza kutentha kwamphamvu kumachepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu ndipo kumasunga kutentha kwa mkati kukhala kokhazikika.

Kuyika zinthu m'zipinda zozizira kumasiyananso. Zipinda zozizira zozizira mwachangu zimasamalira zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa pa thireyi kapena pa raki kuti mpweya uziyenda bwino. Zipinda zozizira zachizolowezi zimasunga mapaketi ambiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Kapangidwe kalikonse kamathandizira zolinga zosiyanasiyana: kuzizira mwachangu poyerekeza ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ubwino

Zipinda zozizira mofulumira zimapereka maubwino angapo ofunikira kwa opanga chakudya ndi ogulitsa.

Ubwino wofunikira kwambiri ndi khalidwe la chinthucho. Kuzizira mofulumira kumatseka chinyezi mkati mwa kapangidwe ka chakudya. Nyama, nsomba, kapena zipatso zikasungunuka, zimasunga kukoma, mtundu, ndi kapangidwe koyambirira. Pakuzizira pang'onopang'ono, makristalo akuluakulu a ayezi amawononga nembanemba ya maselo ndikupangitsa kuti madzi ataye. Kafukufuku akuwonetsa kuti nsomba zozizira mwachangu zimasunga 95% ya chinyezi chawo choyambirira, pomwe nsomba zozizira pang'onopang'ono zimasunga 80% yokha.

Zakudya zabwino zimakhalabe zokwera. Kutsika kwa kutentha mwachangu kumaletsa ntchito ya ma enzyme ndi kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mwachangu. Mavitamini ndi mapuloteni amakhalabe olimba kwa nthawi yayitali. Ubwino uwu umatsimikizira kulandiridwa bwino pamsika komanso mitengo yokwera ya zinthu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu kumaperekanso phindu lina. Ngakhale kuzizira mwachangu kumadya mphamvu zambiri nthawi yomweyo, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse pa tani imodzi ya chinthu nthawi zambiri kumachepa. Kuzungulira mwachangu kumafupikitsa nthawi yogwirira ntchito ya compressor. Kuteteza bwino kutentha kumachepetsa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha ndikusunga magetsi.

Kusinthasintha kwa malo osungira kumawonjezekanso. Chakudya chikafika kutentha kofunikira kwa kuzizira, chimatha kusinthidwa kukhala chosungira chozizira chachizolowezi kuti chisungidwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Kulekanitsa kumeneku kwa kuzizira mwachangu ndi kusungirako kumachepetsa zosowa zonse za malo ndikukweza kayendetsedwe ka zinthu.

Zipinda zozizira zozizira mwachangu zimathandizanso chitetezo ndi ukhondo. Njira yofulumirayi imachepetsa chiopsezo cha kukula kwa mabakiteriya. Kuwunika kutentha komwe kumachitika zokha komanso makina a alamu kumasunga zinthu kukhala zokhazikika. Mitundu yambiri imakhala ndi mkati mwa chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri komanso malo olumikizirana osalala kuti apewe kuipitsidwa.

Mapindu a bizinesi amawonekera bwino. Makampani amatha kuziziritsa zinthu zanyengo mwachangu ndikuzigulitsa chaka chonse. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumathandizira kuti zinthu ziyende bwino komanso kuti ndalama zizikhala bwino. Mwachitsanzo, opanga zipatso amatha kusunga zipatso zatsopano nthawi yomweyo ndikuzitumiza pambuyo pake popanda kutayika kwa khalidwe.

Kuchokera ku mafakitale, zipinda zozizira mofulumira zimawonjezera zokolola. Kugwira ntchito mosalekeza komanso zonyamula zokha zimalola kuzizira kwambiri. Mu zomera zam'madzi, zotulutsa zimatha kufika matani angapo pa ola limodzi. Kuchuluka kwa zotulutsa kumathandiza kukwaniritsa zosowa zotumizira kunja ndikuthandizira malamulo okhwima okhudza chitetezo cha chakudya.

Mfundo Zofunika Zopangira

Kupanga chipinda chozizira mwachangu kumafuna chisamaliro chapadera pa zipangizo, kapangidwe, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Chilichonse chimakhudza liwiro la kuzizira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.

Choyamba, zipangizo zotetezera kutentha ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kutentha kochepa. Thovu la polyurethane lokhala ndi mphamvu pafupifupi 40–45 kg/m³ limapereka zotsatira zabwino kwambiri. Kukhuthala kwa khoma nthawi zambiri kumafika 150–250 mm kuti lipewe kuzizira kwambiri. Malumikizidwe pakati pa mapanelo ayenera kutsekedwa bwino kuti mpweya usatuluke. Ngakhale mipata yaying'ono ingawononge mphamvu ndikukweza kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.

Chachiwiri, kapangidwe ka makina oziziritsira mpweya kamakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri. Ma compressor amafunika mphamvu zokwanira kuti asunge kutentha kochepa ngakhale atadzaza mokwanira. Makina ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito ma compression a magawo awiri kapena mayunitsi ofanana. Malo otulutsira mpweya ayenera kukhala akulu kuti athe kuthana ndi kusinthana kwa kutentha mwachangu. Machubu a mkuwa ndi zipsepse za aluminiyamu zimathandiza kukonza magwiridwe antchito.

Kukonza kayendedwe ka mpweya kumafuna kukonzekera bwino. Kapangidwe kake kayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zinthu zonse zizizizira mofanana. Mafani ayenera kupereka mpweya wothamanga kwambiri pakati pa mashelufu kapena mathireyi. Mainjiniya nthawi zambiri amapanga njira zoyendetsera mpweya zomwe zimachepetsa madera akufa. Makina ena amakhala ndi malo olumikizirana kuti azilamulira kayendedwe ka mpweya.

Kulondola kwa kuwongolera kutentha kumatanthauza mtundu wa chinthucho. Masensa ndi owongolera digito ayenera kuyankha mwachangu kusintha. Kusiyana kwa ngakhale 1°C kungakhudze mapangidwe a ayezi. Zipinda zamakono zozizira mwachangu nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zowongolera zochokera ku PLC zokhala ndi zolemba za deta. Machitidwe awa amathandizira kutsatira gulu lililonse ndikukwaniritsa miyezo ya satifiketi yotumizira kunja.

Makina osungunula mpweya amafunikanso kusamalidwa. Kuchulukana kwa ayezi pa zipsepse za evaporator kumachepetsa kugwira ntchito bwino. Makina osungunula mpweya wotentha okha kapena makina osungunula mpweya wamagetsi amagwira ntchito pa ma timers kuti achotse chisanu nthawi zonse. Kusungunula mpweya bwino kumasunga mpweya wabwino ndipo kumaonetsetsa kuti ntchito yake ndi yokhazikika.

Kapangidwe ka pansi kayenera kuthana ndi katundu wolemera komanso kutentha kochepa. Pansi pa konkire pamafunika zigawo zotetezera kutentha ndi zingwe zotenthetsera kuti zisaume. Pamwamba pake payenera kukhala polimba ndipo pakhale posavuta kuyeretsa.

Ndemanga za Mapulojekiti

Harbin Dong`an Building Sheets Co., LtdKampaniyi ndi kampani yotsogola yopanga zinthu zosungiramo zinthu zozizira. Kampaniyi ili ndi luso lopanga zinthu zambiri komanso luso lopanga zinthu.

Dong`an kale adapanga chipinda chozizira chozizira mwachangu cha mamita 2,500. Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito ma compressor a ammonia ndi mafiriji a mbale. Limaundanitsa nsomba za cod, herring ndi king crab kuchokera pa 0°C mpaka -35°C mkati mwa mphindi 90. Mphamvu yopangira idafika matani 10 pa nthawi iliyonse. Poyerekeza ndi dongosolo lakale, nthawi yozizira idachepetsedwa ndi 60%, ndipo mtengo wamagetsi udatsika ndi 18%.

Kampani ya Dongan imamanganso malo osungiramo zinthu zoziziritsa mwachangu kwa makampani ambiri alimi aku China kapena makampani a unyolo wozizira. Mwachitsanzo, mu projekiti yosungiramo zinthu zoziziritsa kuzizira ku Heilongjiang, kuti ikwaniritse zosowa za nandolo zozizira ndi chimanga, Kampani ya Dongan idapanga njira yoziziritsa mwachangu. Chipindacho chimasunga -40°C ndi mpweya wa 5 m/s. Gulu lililonse la matani atatu limazizira mkati mwa mphindi 80. Mtundu ndi kukoma kwa chinthucho zidakhazikika ngakhale patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yosungidwa. Mayeso adawonetsa kutayika kwa vitamini C pansi pa 5%, pomwe kuzizira kwachikhalidwe kudapangitsa kutayika kwa 15%.

Zipinda zozizira zozizira mwachangu zimasintha momwe mafakitale amasungira ndikugawa chakudya. Ubwino wawo ndi monga ubwino wa zinthu, kugwira ntchito bwino, komanso chitetezo chabwino. Pamene kufunikira kwa chakudya kukukula, zipinda zozizira zozizira mwachangu zidzakhalabe zofunika kwambiri pamakina apadziko lonse lapansi a unyolo wozizira.