Nyumba zosungiramo zomera m'mafakitale zimawonjezera zokolola zaulimi

Malo osungira zomera m'mafakitale amathandiza kupanga mbewu zambiri. Amalamulira nyengo kuti zomera zikule bwino. Malo ambiri amalima ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi maluwa. Malo osungira zomera m'mafakitale amasunga kutentha, chinyezi, ndi kuwala. Malo olima nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa 5,000 m² mpaka kupitirira 100,000 m². Malo olamulidwa amawonjezera zokolola ndi ubwino. Ogwira ntchito ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito malo osungira zomera m'mafakitale pa ulimi chaka chonse. Machitidwe a mafakitale amachepetsa zoopsa za nyengo ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito. Kapangidwe kameneka kamathandizira kufunikira kwa ulimi wamakono.

Kapangidwe ka Nyumba ndi Zipangizo za Nyumba Zobiriwira Zamakampani

Kapangidwe ka nyumba zosungiramo zomera zamafakitale kamapangidwa kuti kapereke kukhazikika, kulimba, komanso kuwongolera bwino chilengedwe kuti mbewu zibereke bwino. Dongosolo lonyamula katundu nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kachitsulo chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zambiri. Kuviika motentha ndi galvanizedmizati ndi ma trusses achitsuloamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Kukhuthala kwa zinki nthawi zambiri kumafika 80–120 μm, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ntchitoyo imatenga zaka zoposa 20 m'malo ozizira.

Dongosolo la maziko limasamutsa katundu wowonjezera kutentha pansi. Opanga mapulani nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito maziko olimba a konkriti kapena maziko odziyimira pawokha. Maziko awa amalimbana ndi katundu woyima, kukwera kwa mphepo, ndi mphamvu zopingasa. M'madera omwe kuli mphepo yamphamvu, katundu wopangira mphepo nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa 0.5 ndi 0.8 kN/m². Mabotolo oyenera omangira amalumikizamizati yachitsulompaka ku maziko ndikuwongolera kukhazikika konse. Utali wa mizati nthawi zambiri umayambira pa 4 m mpaka 8 m.

Kapangidwe ka denga nthawi zambiri kamakhala ndi kapangidwe kozungulira kapena kokhala ndi masikweya ambiri. Kapangidwe kameneka kamachepetsa kukana kwa mphepo ndipo kamalola kuti madzi azituluka bwino. Madenga amalimbana ndi liwiro la mphepo mpaka 70 km/h. Mapangidwe ena amalimbana ndi 100 km/h. M'lifupi mwa masikweya ambiri ndi mamita 8 mpaka 12, pomwe kutalika kwa ngalande nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa mamita 4 ndi 6. Ma trusses kapena purlin amathandizira zinthu zophimba ndikugawa katundu mofanana. Denga liyeneranso kupirira kutayidwa kwa chipale chofewa, komwe kumatha kufika 0.3 mpaka 0.5 kN/m² m'malo ozizira.

Kutalika kwa chimango kumathandiza kuti mpweya ukhale wochuluka. Kutalika kwa ngalande nthawi zambiri kumakhala kuyambira mamita 4 mpaka 7. Kutalika kwa mphepete nthawi zambiri kumafika mamita 6 mpaka 9.

Zipangizo Zophimba ndi Kutumiza Kuwala kwa Nyumba Zobiriwira Zamakampani

Zipangizo zophimba zimakhudza kukula kwa mbewu. Nyumba zambiri zobiriwira m'mafakitale zimagwiritsa ntchito magalasi kapena pulasitiki. Kukhuthala kwa galasi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 4 mm. Kufalikira kwa kuwala kwa galasi kumafika 88% mpaka 91%. Kufalikira kwakukulu kumathandizira photosynthesis.

Makanema apulasitiki amakhala ndi mapepala a polyethylene. Kukhuthala kwa filimu nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 150 μm ndi 200 μm. Kutumiza kuwala kumafika 85% mpaka 90%. Makanema otsukidwa ndi UV amakhala zaka 3 mpaka 5.

Nyumba zina zosungiramo zinthu zakale zimagwiritsa ntchito mapanelo a polycarbonate. Kukhuthala kwa mapanelo nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 8 mm ndi 10 mm. Kutumiza kuwala kumafika 80% mpaka 85%. Mapanelo amenewa amathandiza kuti kutentha kukhale kotentha.

Chophimbacho chimaletsanso kuwala koopsa kwa UV. Kutseka kwa UV kumateteza zomera ndi antchito. Makina ophimba mthunzi amachepetsa mphamvu ya kuwala. Zophimba mthunzi zimachepetsa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi 30% mpaka 60%. Kuwongolera kuwala kumathandizira kuti mbewu zigwirizane komanso kuti zibereke bwino.

Machitidwe Owongolera Nyengo a Nyumba Zobiriwira Zamakampani

Kulamulira nyengo kumatanthauza momwe kutentha kwa mafakitale kumagwirira ntchito. Kulamulira kutentha kumakhala kofunikira kwambiri. Mbewu zambiri zimakula bwino pakati pa 18°C ​​ndi 26°C. Makina otenthetsera amasunga kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira. Ma boiler amadzi otentha nthawi zambiri amapereka madzi okwanira 80°C.

Makina oziziritsira amasamalira kutentha kwa chilimwe. Makina ophimba ndi mafani amachepetsa kutentha ndi 8°C mpaka 12°C. Mafani opumira amasuntha 30,000 mpaka 50,000 m³/h. Ma ventilation a padenga amathandizanso kusinthana kwa mpweya.
Kuwongolera chinyezi kumateteza thanzi la zomera. Chinyezi choyenera nthawi zambiri chimakhala pakati pa 60% ndi 80%. Kuchotsa chinyezi m'nthaka kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha bowa.

Kuchuluka kwa CO₂ kumathandizira kukula. Machitidwe ambiri amakweza milingo ya CO₂ kufika pa 800–1,200 ppm. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku kumawonjezera photosynthesis ndi 30%.

Olamulira okha amawongolera nyengo. Masensa amatsata kutentha mphindi iliyonse. Kuwongolera kolondola kumatsimikizira kuti kukula kwake kuli kokhazikika.

Kapangidwe ka mkati ndi kachitidwe ka ulimi

Kapangidwe ka mkati kamathandizira kupanga bwino. Malo ambiri obiriwira amagawa malo m'malo okulirapo. Malo aliwonse nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mulifupi wa mamita 6 mpaka 9.6.

Njira zolimira zimasiyana malinga ndi mbewu. Njira zochokera ku nthaka zimakhala zofala. Njira zolimira za hydroponic zikutchuka kwambiri. Ma ngalande okuliramo amathandiza mbewu za mpesa. Kutalika kwa ngalande nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 0.6 m ndi 1.2 m. Njira zosinthika zimathandizira ergonomics.

Njira zothirira zimapereka michere. Kuthirira pogwiritsa ntchito madontho kumapereka madzi okwanira malita 2 mpaka 4 pa ola limodzi pa chomera chilichonse. EC nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 1.5 ndi 2.5 mS/cm.

Kapangidwe kake kamaphatikizaponso njira zoperekera chithandizo. M'lifupi mwa njira nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuyambira 0.8 m mpaka 1.2 m. Kapangidwe kogwira ntchito kamachepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito.

Wopereka Zinthu Wabwino Ndi Wofunika

Makhalidwe amenewa a nyumba zosungiramo zomera m'mafakitale amapereka zofunikira kwambiri pa kapangidwe ndi ubwino wa omanga, ndipo kwakhala kofunikira kwambiri kupeza wopereka mphamvu.

Kampani ya Harbin Dong`an Building Sheets Company ndi kampani yotsogola yopanga zitsulo ku China. Kampaniyi ili ndi mbiri yakale kwambiri kwa zaka zoposa 40. Kampani ya Dongan ili ndi gulu lodziwa bwino ntchito yokonza zinthu. Mainjiniya amatha kupanga bwino kapangidwe ka nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale kutengera zaka zambiri zomwe akhala akugwira ntchito. Ngakhale kuti ikukwaniritsa zosowa za makasitomala mokwanira, mavuto omwe angakumane nawo panthawi yonyamula ndi kukhazikitsa zida amapewedwa momwe angathere.

Kampani ya Dongan imaona kuti zinthu zake ndi zofunika kwambiri. Dongan imapeza zitsulo kuchokera kwa ogulitsa apamwamba. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zochokera ku makampani otchuka komanso apamwamba. Dongan amafufuza mosamala zinthu zonse zopangira. Zipangizo zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zomwe zimalowa mu mzere wopanga.

Nthawi yomweyo, kampaniyo ilinso ndi mizere yapamwamba yopangira zinthu kuti iwonetsetse kuti zitsulo zimakhala zabwino komanso zokhazikika. Fakitaleyi ili ndi makina odulira laser ndi ma drill a 3D CNC, zomwe zingachepetse zolakwika pakukonza zigawo. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti gawo lililonse likhoza kuyikidwa bwino, kuchepetsa nthawi yoyika ndi zoopsa zomwe zingachitike mtsogolo.