Momwe Mungamangire Kapangidwe ka Zitsulo Kanyumba Kosungiramo Zinthu

Zinthu zamakono zimadalira liwiro, kukula, ndi kudalirika,kapangidwe kachitsuloNyumba yosungiramo zinthu imakwaniritsa zosowa izi kudzera mu mphamvu, kusinthasintha, komanso kumanga bwino. Poyerekeza ndi nyumba zomangira zolimbikitsidwa ndi konkriti, nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zachitsulo nthawi zambiri zimachepetsa nthawi yomanga ndi 30-40 peresenti ndipo zimalola kutalika kwa mamita 24 mpaka 36. Kuti akwaniritse bwino ubwino uwu, opanga mapulogalamu ayenera kutsatira njira yokonzedwa yomwe imagwirizanitsa kukonzekera, kumanga, ndi zofunikira pa ntchito.

Kukonzekera ndi Kupanga Kapangidwe ka Kapangidwe ka Zitsulo Zosungiramo Zinthu

Kupanga nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kumayamba ndi kukonzekera bwino kutengera kufunikira kwa zinthu. Opanga mapulani amatanthauzira kuchuluka kwa malo osungiramo zinthu, kuchuluka kwa ma pallet, kutalika kwa malo osungiramo zinthu, ndi kuyenda kwa magalimoto. Nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zamakono nthawi zambiri zimafuna kutalika komveka bwino kwa mamita 9 mpaka 12 kuti zithandizire makina osungiramo zinthu okhala ndi malo okwera. Kutalikirana kwa mizati nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa mamita 8 mpaka 10, zomwe zimathandiza kuyenda bwino kwa forklift komanso kukonzekera bwino mawonekedwe.

Mainjiniya a zomangamanga amasankha makina achitsulo omwe akugwirizana ndi zofunikira izi. Mafelemu a portal amakwanira nyumba zosungiramo zinthu zokhala ndi zipinda chimodzi zokhala ndi malo okwana mamita 36, ​​pomwe mafelemu olimba okhala ndi malo ambiri amathandizira malo akuluakulu opitilira mamita 20,000. Opanga mapulani amawerengera katundu wakufa, katundu wamoyo, kuthamanga kwa mphepo, ndi mphamvu za zivomerezi pogwiritsa ntchito ma code am'deralo. Mwachitsanzo, katundu wamoyo padenga nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati pa 0.3 ndi 0.5 kN pa mita imodzi, kutengera nyengo.

Kapangidwe ka maziko kamadalira mphamvu yonyamula nthaka, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 100 mpaka 200 kPa m'malo opangira mafakitale. Mainjiniya amakonza kapangidwe ka maziko ndi malo achitsulo kuti atsimikizire kuyika kolondola. Mu gawoli, magulu amakonzekeranso madera okulitsira, popeza ogwira ntchito zambiri zoyendetsera zinthu amawonjezera mphamvu mkati mwa zaka zisanu mpaka khumi. Zipangizo zojambulira za digito zimathandizira kulumikizana ndi kuchepetsa kukonzanso ntchito isanayambe kupanga.

Zachidziwikire, kukongola kwa gulu la polojekiti kapena kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe a nyumbayo ndi dipatimenti ya boma la m'deralo kudzakhudzanso kapangidwe ka nyumbayo. Pazifukwa zokongoletsa, nyumba zina zidzafunika kupanga mapaipi obisika amvula. Izi zimafuna mainjiniya kuwonjezera zinthu zina zosalowa madzi pojambula denga.

Kupanga ndi Kumanga Pamalo Ogwirira Ntchito

Pambuyo pomaliza kupanga, kupanga zitsulo kumayamba m'mafakitale apadera. Magiredi a zitsulo monga Q355 kapena ASTM A572 amapereka mphamvu zokolola pafupifupi 345 MPa, zomwe zimatsimikizira kukana kokwanira kwa katundu pogwiritsa ntchito bwino zinthu. Zipangizo zodulira ndi kuboola za CNC zimakwaniritsa kulondola kwa millimeter, ndikukweza mtundu wa kulumikizana panthawi yopangira.

Kupanga mafakitale kumafupikitsa nthawi yogwirira ntchito kwambiri. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu yapakatikati ya masikweya mita 10,000 nthawi zambiri imafuna matani 800 mpaka 1,000 achitsulo, chomwe opanga amatha kumaliza mkati mwa milungu inayi kapena isanu ndi umodzi. Kukonza pamwamba, kuphatikizapo galvanization kapena epoxy coating, kumateteza zitsulo ku dzimbiri ndipo kumawonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito kupitirira zaka 25.

Kapangidwe ka malo kamachitika motsatizana. Ogwira ntchito amayamba ndi maziko a konkriti ndikutsimikizira kulekerera kwa mabotolo a nangula, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimalola kupotoka pansi pa mamilimita 5. Magulu a crane amamanga mizati ndi matabwa, kutsatiridwa ndi ma purlin ndi zomangira. Gulu la akatswiri limatha kukhazikitsa matani 80 mpaka 120 achitsulo patsiku pansi pa mikhalidwe yabwinobwino.

Pambuyo pa malo oimikapo chimango chachikulu, ogwira ntchito amaika mapanelo a denga ndi makoma. Mapanelo a masangweji okhala ndi makulidwe a insulation a mamilimita 50 mpaka 100 amapereka mphamvu ya kutentha komanso chitetezo ku nyengo. Kuyika bwino malo ozungulira kumathandiza kuti mkati mwa milungu iwiri kapena itatu mumalize kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ntchito yamkati iyambe msanga.

Kuphatikiza apo, njira yolumikizira zigawo za kapangidwe ka chitsulo idzakhudzanso kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito yomanga. Mwachitsanzo, Harbin Dongan Building Sheets Company nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito maulumikizidwe olumikizidwa ndi maboliti popanga zigawo za kapangidwe ka chitsulo kwa makasitomala. Tsatanetsatane uwu umachepetsa kwambiri zofunikira zaukadaulo za ogwira ntchito yomanga pamalopo, ndipo ungachepetse ndalama komanso nthawi yogwirira ntchito yomanga.

Chigoba cha nyumbayo chikamalizidwa, magulu amayang'ana kwambiri pa machitidwe ogwirira ntchito omwe amafotokoza momwe nyumba yosungiramo zinthu imagwirira ntchito. Ma slab a pansi amapatsidwa chisamaliro chapadera, popeza pansi pa zinthu ziyenera kunyamula katundu wa matani 5 mpaka 8 pa mita imodzi. Pansi pa konkire yopyapyala kwambiri imawongolera kulondola kwa magalimoto oyendetsedwa ndi makina komanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zida.